Everything You Need to Know About Tree Ferns in the UK

Tree ferns add an exotic touch to UK gardens, with their lush, prehistoric fronds creating a dramatic statement. Here’s what you need to know about growing and maintaining these beautiful plants in the British climate:

Why Choose Tree Ferns?

• Visual Impact: Their large, arching fronds give an instant jungle feel.

• Adaptability: While native to Australia, species like Dicksonia antarctica are surprisingly hardy in UK conditions.

• Longevity: Tree ferns can live for many years with proper care, becoming a long-term feature in your garden.

Selecting the Right Tree Fern

• Species: Dicksonia antarctica is the most common and hardy tree fern in the UK. Other species like Cyathea dealbata (Silver Tree Fern) are less hardy and require more care.

• Size: Available as logs (trunks without fronds) or with foliage. Logs are easier to transport but require patience for regrowth.

Planting Tree Ferns

• Location: Choose a sheltered spot with partial shade. Direct sunlight can scorch the fronds, but they can tolerate full sun if well-watered.

• Soil: They prefer moist, humus-rich, slightly acidic soil. If your garden soil isn’t ideal, consider planting in a pot with ericaceous compost.

Caring for Tree Ferns

• Watering: Regular watering is key, especially in the first year. Water the crown and trunk to mimic their natural environment.

• Feeding: Use a balanced, slow-release fertiliser in spring or a liquid feed during the growing season.

• Pruning: Dead or damaged fronds should be removed in spring to maintain health and appearance.

Winter Care

• Protection: In colder regions or during severe winters, protect the crown with straw or horticultural fleece. For potted ferns, move to a sheltered spot or cover the pot with bubble wrap.

• Frost: Tree ferns can withstand light frosts, but severe cold can damage or kill the frond crown. Monitor weather forecasts and act accordingly.

Propagation

• Spore Propagation: This is a slow method but rewarding. Collect spores from mature fronds and sow them in a suitable growing medium.

• Offsets: More practical for home gardeners, as small ferns can grow from the base of the trunk. These can be separated and potted up.

Common Issues

• Pests: Tree ferns are relatively pest-free but watch for slugs, snails, and vine weevils on new growth.

• Diseases: Root rot from overwatering or poor drainage is a primary concern. Ensure good drainage in pots and garden beds.

Where to Buy Tree Ferns in the UK

• Specialist Nurseries: Look for nurseries that focus on exotic plants. They often have knowledgeable staff to advise on care.

• Garden Centres: Larger garden centres might stock tree ferns, particularly in spring and summer.

• Online: Many sellers offer tree ferns, but ensure they come from reputable sources with good shipping practices to avoid stress on the plant.

Conclusion

Tree ferns can thrive in the UK with the right care, adding a unique and lush feature to your garden. Whether you’re looking to create a tropical oasis or just want some architectural interest, tree ferns are an excellent choice. Remember, patience is key as these plants grow slowly, but the reward is a magnificent, timeless garden element that can be enjoyed for decades.

When selecting your tree fern, consider your local climate, the amount of care you’re willing to provide, and ensure you’re buying from a source that can guarantee the plant’s health and provenance. With these tips, your tree fern will not only survive but flourish in the UK garden landscape.

Resources

• Books:

• “Growing Hardy Ferns” by Martin Rickard - Provides comprehensive information on growing ferns in the UK.

• “The Plant Lover’s Guide to Ferns” by Richie Steffen and Sue Olsen - Aids in selection and care of various fern species.

• Websites:

• Royal Horticultural Society (RHS) - Offers detailed guides on tree fern care, including winter protection tips.

• Gardening forums and blogs - Websites like Gardeners’ World or The Middle-Sized Garden offer practical advice from experienced UK gardeners.

• Local Clubs and Societies:

• Join local gardening clubs or the British Pteridological Society for specialised knowledge, events, and community support.

• Workshops and Courses:

• Look for workshops at botanical gardens or through local colleges that might cover exotic plant care like tree ferns.

Remember, even with these resources, each tree fern is unique, so keep observing your plant and adjust your care accordingly. Happy gardening!